A centrifuge is a common piece of equipment in most research laboratories. All centrifuges, regardless of size, present a hazard to laboratory personnel if not used safely and properly maintained. Hazards include physical hazards due to mechanical failure (mechanical stress, metal fatigue, corrosion of rotor, imbalanced loads, etc.) and exposure hazards due to the materials utilized in the centrifuge (aerosolization of biohazardous, chemical, or radioactive materials).
Benchtop centrifuges are typically low speed centrifuges (up to 5000rpm) or microcentrifuges (up to 15,000rpm). High speed centrifuges (up to 25,000rpm) are generally floor model centrifuges. Ultracentrifuges, which may exceed 100,000rpm, are typically found in core (shared) equipment areas. These are the most expensive and dangerous types of centrifuge on UK's campus. Knowledgeable use, careful procedures, and preventive maintenance are all necessary to ensure centrifuge safety for all lab personnel.
Centrifuge rotors undergo tremendous mechanical forces and will show signs of metal fatigue over time. Always follow manufacturer guidance as to when to derate (permanently lower the speed) and when to retire centrifuge rotors. Although centrifuges have been designed to contain the rotor in case of failure, there have been documented incidences of rotor failure that were not contained and caused physical injury to personnel and property.
In addition to mechanical failure of the machine, centrifuge tubes may break and release aerosols into the surrounding environment. Improper centrifuge use or malfunction is often cited as the most common cause of laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs).
The following procedures will help ensure safe centrifuge operation and the longevity of the machine.
Establish a preventive maintenance schedule
Record Log Book
Inspect the centrifuge prior to use.
Prepare centrifuge tubes for loading.
Balance centrifuge and start run.
Emergency Response In case of leaks/spill or centrifuge malfunction, follow the steps below.